Estimated rate of persons supervised by US adult correctional systems, by correctional status, 2000 and 2005–2020

Estimated rate of persons supervised by U.S. adult correctional systems, by correctional status, 2000 and 2005–2020
Total correctional populationa Community supervision population Incarcerated populationb
Year Number supervised per 100,000
U.S. residents age
18 or olderc		 U.S. adult residents under correctional supervisionc Number supervised per 100,000
U.S. residents of
all agesd		 Number on probation or parole per 100,000 U.S. residents age
18 or olderc		 Number on probation or parole per 100,000 U.S. residents of
all agesd		 Number in prison or local jail per 100,000 U.S. residents age
18 or olderc		 Number in prison or local jail per 100,000 U.S. residents of
all agesd
2020 2,140 1 in 47 1,670 1,510 1,180 660 510
2019 2,480 1 in 40 1,930 1,700 1,320 810 630
2018 2,510 1 in 40 1,950 1,730 1,340 830 650
2017 2,590 1 in 39 2,010 1,780 1,380 850 660
2016 2,640 1 in 38 2,040 1,810 1,400 860 670
2015 2,710 1 in 37 2,090 1,870 1,440 870 670
2014 2,780 1 in 36 2,140 1,910 1,470 900 690
2013 2,830 1 in 35 2,170 1,950 1,500 910 700
2012 2,880 1 in 35 2,200 1,980 1,520 920 710
2011 2,930 1 in 34 2,230 2,010 1,540 940 720
2010 3,000 1 in 33 2,280 2,070 1,570 960 730
2009 3,100 1 in 32 2,350 2,150 1,630 980 750
2008 3,160 1 in 32 2,390 2,200 1,670 1,000 760
2007 3,210 1 in 31 2,420 2,240 1,690 1,000 760
2006 3,190 1 in 31 2,400 2,230 1,680 1,000 750
2005 3,160 1 in 32 2,370 2,210 1,660 990 740
2000 3,060 1 in 33 2,280 2,160 1,610 920 690

Note: Rates are rounded to the nearest 10. Rates include a small number of persons age 17 or younger who were under adult correctional supervision. Estimates may have been revised based on updated reporting and may differ from numbers in past reports.
aPersons who were supervised in the community by probation or parole agencies, were under the jurisdiction of state or federal prisons, or were in the custody of local jails.
bPersons who were under the jurisdiction of state or federal prisons or were held in local jails.
cRates were calculated using U.S. Census Bureau estimates of the U.S. resident population of persons age 18 or older for January 1 of the following year.
dRates were calculated using U.S. Census Bureau estimates of the U.S. resident population of persons of all ages for January 1 of the following year.

Source: 

Rich Kluckow, DSW, and Zhen Zeng, PhD. Correctional Populations in the United States, 2020 - Statistical Tables. Bureau of Justice Statistics: Washington, DC, March 2022. NCJ303184.
Laura M. Maruschak and Todd D. Minton. Correctional Populations in the United States, 2017-2018. Bureau of Justice Statistics: Washington, DC. August 2020. NCJ252157.
Danielle Kaeble and Lauren Glaze. Correctional Populations in the United States, 2015. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics, December 2016. NCJ250374.